Design of Experiments (Unit 1)

-

 Design of Experiments (Unit 1)

Design of experiments - DOE - Unit 1 - SRMIST 2022 syllabus. 

Experiments

It is a series of conducted tests to analyse and understand behavioural patterns between certain factors and then to statistically predict outputs for future instances.

An experiment involves taking multiple tests by disturbing the environment and noting down the reaction. The goal is to make a test yield better outcome (efficiency) by optimizing the variable factors in the experiment. 

System Model

When basic inputs are fed into a process or system model, we expect an output from the process which is dependent on external factor which are either controllable or uncontrollable.

Objectives

  1. Determining the most influential control variables.
  2. Determining location of this variable for optimized output.
  3. The location of this variable must not lead to variable output.
  4. Effect of uncontrolled variable must be minimized. 

Terms

  1. Response - Outcome of an experiment.
  2. Factors - Variables that affect the output of an experiment.
  3. Levels - The values of the factors.
  4. Treatment - Different sets of levels used in an experiment.
  5. Noise - Variables that affect / hinder performance of a test.
  6. Replication - Systematic duplication of an experiment.

 Strategies

These strategies obtain unambiguous results at minimal cost while considering all factors. The performance level of each factor can be validated & hence we can obtain the most crucial factors that effect our response. 

  1. One Factor at a time - a single unit of time for one factor
  2. Several Factors at a time - single unit of time for multiple factors
  3. Several factors at same time - multiple units of time for multiple factors
  4. Full factorial design - balanced time for factors without any biases

Steps in Experimentation

  1. Problem statement.
  2. Selection of factors, levels and ranges.
  3. Selection of response variables..
  4. Choice of design.
  5. Conducting experiment. 
  6. Analysing of data.
  7. Conclusion & prediction.

DOE

 A method to find the cause and effect of experiments. It determines the relationship between factors affecting the process and the output of the process.


Allows us to scientifically solve problems by selecting the proper experiment for the test. It also gives a proper understanding of the relationship between factors within an organization that wants to conduct an experiment. 

Role of Experiments in DOE

  1.  Exploration 
  2.  Estimation
  3.  Confirmation

Industrial Usage

  1. Hypothesis
  2. Experiment 
  3. Analysis
  4. Interpretation
  5. Conclusion

Success Criteria

  1. Planning skills - Finance, time, budget, expense and revenue.
  2. Statistical skills - Analysis, interaction of factors etc.
  3. Teamwork skills - Planning, skills, knowledge etc.
  4. Engineering skills - Range, level, factors, effect etc.

Principles

  1. Randomization - Experiments must not be under complete control.
  2. Replication - The experiments must be replicated for multiple takes.
  3. Blocking - Noise and unnecessary factors must be blocked.
  4. Degree of Freedom - Independent fair comparisons made.

Interactions

 Interactions allow understanding of different factors with one an other in an experiment. This way, certain factors can be optimized to get a desired output or to reduce competencies in an experiment.

Types

  • Synergistic - Fixed or random effects which lead to factors not having a cross in their interaction. Either they are completely parallel or they do not meet until out of the given range of the experiment.

 

  •  Antagonistic - This would lead to a meet between factors in the given range of the experiment.


NOTE

* This article should be used as a mind map since it covers all the important topics in the PPT. Theory of each of the points mentioned above must be elaborated during the exam.

*If you are confident in your theory, this will help you score well.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

The if-else STATEMENTS in C++

-
Image
  The if-else STATEMENTS in C++ The if-else statements can control the flow of the code . For example, if you are 10 and only 10, you can play this game or else if you are 13 and only 13, you can play gta4 or else if you are 18+ , you can play any game else , you can't play From this, you can try and first guess, which ages won't be able to play games . Only ages 10,13 and 18+ can play at least some game. However, 9 and below and 11,12,14-17 can not play any games. This is how the flow control in a code works, now keep in mind, the syntax is if (condition) {} else if (condition) {} else {} Also, keep in mind, a==5 checks if a is 5 and returns true or false. a=5 initializes the value 5 to a. Try to print the output like this #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std ; int  main () {     string username ;     cout<< "Enter your username - " ;     cin>>username ...
Read more

Function in C++ || Project OPTIMIZATION

-
Image
  Function in C++ Functions are used to perform certain actions, and they are important for reusing code : Define the code once and use it many times. It also enables programmers to break down or decompose a problem into smaller chunks, each of which performs a particular task. For our projects, we will start off by performing the task below. Try to do this on your own before seeing the final answer. Create a deposit function Declare a variable inside the function with a value of 1000. Accept user integer input. Add to the existing variable of 1000. Display the final result. For the other function, Create a withdraw function Declare a variable inside the function with a value of 1000. Accept user integer input. Subtract from the existing variable of 1000. Display the final result. #include<bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std ; int  Deposit () {      int  existing_amount =  1000 , amt ;     cout<<endl...
Read more

Compiler Design (Exp 1)

-
Image
Compiler Design (Exp 1) Task -  To print the count of the number of keywords, identifiers, operators, and symbols after reading a line of code as input, then store each of these in an array and display them as an output. Logic -  Accept STRING input using getline(). Make a function 'to_vector()' to store each element of the input as a vector element. Call each function keyword(), identifier(), operator() and symbols(). Traverse the vector elements for each function call and see if there is a particular match. Increase the count and display as required. Declare global vector variables to store these details separately. #include <bits/stdc++.h> using namespace std ; vector < string > keys; vector < string > oper; vector < string > ident; vector < string > syms; vector < string > to_vector ( string input ) {     vector < string > temp;     int k = 0 ;     for ( int i = 0 ;i < input . length ();i ...
Read more